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Legal profession in Thailand
The legal profession in Thailand has three categories: judges, public prosecutors, and lawyers. Legal practice is based upon the civil law system with the code of law influenced by other codified systems such as France, Germany and Japan as well as customary laws of Thailand.〔Baker & McKenzie, ''Bangkok Office'', ''Doing Business in Thailand: Legal Brief'' 2001.〕
== History of Legal Practice in Thailand ==
The ancient origins of Thai Law was based on the Hindu code of Manu. During the Sukhothai period (1238–1350 AD),〔Patit P Mishra, ''The History of Thailand'' (ABC-CLIO,2010) at xiv.〕 there was no system of Justice since the King was "the Fountain of Justice" who alone settled disputes between the people.
During the Ayutthaya Period (1351–1767 AD),〔Chris Baker, Christopher J Baker, P Phaonpachit, ''A History of Thailand'' (Cambridge University Press, 2nd Ed, 2009) at xv.〕 the first semblance of a legal system emerged. The law code was the Royal Stone Inscription〔ASEAN Law Association, "The Judicial System in Thailand: An Outlook for a New Century" at p60 (accessed 10 September 2011).〕 which was formulated from a set of rules derived from the Kings’ decisions〔Bunnag, Marut, Aakesson, Preben A. F., "The Legal System in Thailand" Revised 8/96 9a Mod. Legal Sys. Cyclopedia 9A.30.1 at 9A.30.8. These precedents became known as "The Rajasattham", which was a digest of royal decisions.〕 in the Court of Law.〔Set up by King Borom Trailokanat at which cases were heard and administration of justice was carried out was set in the Grand Palace, close to the building in which the King daily presided over his Council.〕 Although the law code〔One such law was the Law on Procedures on Admission of Plaints, which allowed for specified classes of people to be represented in court.〕 allowed for people to be represented in court for civil and criminal matters, the lawyer’s work was limited. He could not be involved in the examination of witnesses before the court and was mainly concerned with writing plaints and filing them before the court.〔Bunnag, Marut, Aakesson, Preben A. F., "The Legal System in Thailand" Revised 8/96 9a Mod. Legal Sys. Cyclopedia at 9A.30.32.〕
When Thailand was invaded by Burma in 1767, collections of law were partially destroyed.〔ASEAN Law Association, "The Judicial System in Thailand: An Outlook for a New Century" at p. 62 (accessed 10 September 2011).〕 King Rama I ordered to have all laws rectified and written into law books called "the Law of the three Great Seals" which remained in force for the next 103 years. Despite this development, the role of the lawyer remained static and constricted. This could be attributed to simple way of life of the society where majority did not resort to the law to settle their disputes.〔
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